№ 4 (38), 2021
Academic journal “Eurasian Union: Issues of International Relations”. Volume 10, Issue 4 (38), 2021
CONTENTS
RUSSIAN HISTORY
- Pryakhin V.F. History and Prospects for Democracy in Russia. Нow to use Theinternational Experience?
POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES
- Muratov A.Kh. Specifics of the Implementation of the Anti-Terrorism Policy in the Republic of Tatarstan
- Nefedov R.A. Practices of Application of Neural Networks in Electoral Campaigns
TOPICAL PROBLEMS OF SOCIETY
- Trunov I.L., Ayvar L.K. Criminological Aspects of Surrogate Motherhood
HISTORY AND THEORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY
- Tushkov A.A., Fomenko D.A. Diplomacy of Modern China in the System of Formation of the Translateral World Order
- Makanbaev B.M. Border Conflicts in Central Asia: Options for Resolution and Stabilization
- Bogdanova E.A., Yancha Touasa Segundo Elias, Ushakova D.O. Dollarization in Ecuador and its Role in Expanding International Economic Relations
RUSSIAN HISTORY
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.38.4.001
V.F. PRYAKHIN D.Sc. (political science), Professor (International Relations Dept., RSHU) Professor (Diplomacy Dept., MGIMO-University), Moscow, Russia
HISTORY AND PROSPECTS FOR DEMOCRACY IN RUSSIA. НOW TO USE THEINTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE?
Thirty years after the dramatic events of August 1991 and on the eve of the Parliamentary elections in Russia, the increased attention of political scientific community to the issues of democracy is quite natural phenomena. Is Western experience of electoral democracy acceptable for Russia? An, if yes, to what extant? What is sovereign democracy and what should be its practical filling?
The author offers answers of his own to these questions in the article presented.
Key words: democracy, ochlocracy, controlled democracy, electoral democracy, sovereign democracy, party, information war, "color" revolution.
POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.38.4.002
A.Kh. MURATOV Candidate of the Department of Conflict ology of the Institute of Social and Philosophical Sciences and Mass Communications of the Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia
SPECIFICS OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE ANTI-TERRORISM POLICY IN THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN
The article analyzes the totality of the bodies of the Republic of the Federation of the Russian Federation, including the participation of the region due to the holding of its territory of international events, the growing influx of migrants, the spread of the new coronavirus infection (COVID-19), the growth of unemployment and, as a consequence, the region due to the holding of its territory of international events a drop in the standard of living of citizens of the region and migrants, their dissatisfaction with measures to combat the pandemic and overcome its economic consequences. All this is reflected in the activities of state and municipal authorities, primarily in the person of the Anti-Terrorist Commission of the region as the main actor in the implementation of programs for the prevention and fight against terrorism and extremism in the Republic of Tatarstan.
Key words: anti-terrorist activity, multinationality, multiconfessionalism, migrants, radicalization, terrorism, extremism, security monitoring, information and educational support.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.38.4.003
R.A. NEFEDOV Post-graduate student of the Institute of Philosophy of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
PRACTICES OF APPLICATION OF NEURAL NETWORKS IN ELECTORAL CAMPAIGNS
The electoral process today is undergoing another transformation under the influence of the large-scale introduction of artificial neural networks. There are cases when the use of ANN predetermined the victory of a candidate, and this is already a serious application for the need to understand the types, types and areas of application of neural networks in political technology practice. In this article, we will consider some of the possibilities of neural networks in political technologies and give examples of their successful implementation in election campaigns, however, we will also touch on those cases when neural networks interfered rather than contributed to a candidate's victory.
Key words: artificial neural networks, election campaign, deep-fake, political technologies.
TOPICAL PROBLEMS OF SOCIETY
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.38.4.004
I.L. TRUNOV Doctor of Law, Professor, Deputy Chairman International Union of Lawyers, Chairman of the Presidium of the international law firm "Trunov Aivar and Partners", attorney, Moscow, Russia
L.K. AYVAR Doctor of Law, Professor, Deputy Chairman Union of Lawyers of Russia lawyer, Moscow, Russia
CRIMINOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF SURROGATE MOTHERHOOD
In Russia for the first time, the civil institution of infertility treatment with the use of surrogate maternity is qualified as a criminal offense. In different regions of Russia, the same type of criminal cases of criminal law qualification.
Was initiated under Art. 127.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. A new type of crime “Trafficking in Human Beings” is expected to appear – the participation of single men in Assisted Reproductive Techniques programs with the use of surrogate maternity.
Key words: Assisted Reproductive Techniques, traffic in human beings, surrogate maternity, donor material, single men.
HISTORY AND THEORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.38.4.005
A.A. TUSHKOV Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor of the Department of International Relations and Law, Vladivostok State University of Economics and Service, Vladivostok, Russia
D.A. FOMENKO Bachelor of the Department of International Relations and Law, Vladivostok State University of Economics and Service, Vladivostok, Russia
DIPLOMACY OF MODERN CHINA IN THE SYSTEM OF FORMATION OF THE TRANSLATERAL WORLD ORDER
The authors consider in the article the transformation of the modern world order through the prism of translateralism of the Candidate of Sciences of Japan Kazushige Kobayashi. The relevance of the article is explained by the change of states' political strategy in establishing international contacts and the departure from the old traditions of the world order. The article shows how China became the first conductor of such strategy. It also demonstrates the parallel of the comparison with the binary thinking states, as a stable concept and the foundation of interaction in the field of politics and its practical implementation in the XX century.
Key words: Kazushige Kobayashi, China, binary thinking, translateralism, multilateralism, SCO, BRICS, Ukraine.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.38.4.006
B.M. MAKANBAEV Postgraduate student of the Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, Advisor to the Consolidated Planning and Coordination Division of the Protocol and Organizational Support Department of the Eurasian Economic Commission, Moscow, Russia
BORDER CONFLICTS IN CENTRAL ASIA: OPTIONS FOR RESOLUTION AND STABILIZATION
The author analyzes the long-term conflicts of border zones in the countries of Central Asia. History provides insight into the origins and causes of conflicts. In turn, the issue of a possible resolution of border conflicts has been and remains relevant. The solution seems to be quite interesting to provide assistance and support to neighboring countries, to build dialogues aimed at long-term cooperation and mutual assistance. In turn, the author says that the conflict of the border zones of Central Asia has largely moved in a positive direction, since agreements on border demarcation have been ratified over the past few years.
Key words: border conflict, Central Asia, nomadic tribes, ratification of demarcation agreements, cooperation; conflict resolution, settlement of border disputes.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.38.4.007
E.A. BOGDANOVA Bachelor of Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
YANCHA TOUASA SEGUNDO ELIAS Post-graduate student of Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
D.O. USHAKOVA Bachelor of Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
DOLLARIZATION IN ECUADOR AND ITS ROLE IN EXPANDING INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC RELATIONS
The article examines the reasons, prerequisites, theoretical foundations of the dollarization process in Ecuador both from a historical and social point of view, taking into account the special specifics of this economic phenomenon for this particular Latin American country. It draws some parallels with other dollarized economies in the region, such as El Salvador and Panama. An assessment of the Ecuadorian case is given, the general economic dynamics before and after dollarization is considered, various macroeconomic indicators such as GDP, inflation, etc. are analyzed, and the positive and negative effects of dollarization are considered. Special emphasis is made on the current state of the dollarized economy in the context of the current situation in the world market considering the COVID-19 pandemic. The question of the role of dollarization as a factor influencing the integration activity of Ecuador within the framework of various associations and from the point of view of an incentive for the diversification of international economic relations in general is touched upon.
Key words: Ecuador, dollarization, economic crisis, advantages and disadvantages of dollarization, GDP, inflation, international economic relations, COVID-19.