№ 4 (26), 2018
Academic journal “Eurasian Union: Issues of International Relations”. Issue 4 (26), 2018.
CONTENTS
POLITICAL INSTITUTES, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES
- Abdildin Zh.M., Abdildina R.Zh. Chingiz Aitmatov and the Collapse of the Soviet System
- Zeifert E.I. Stereoscopic Picture of Chingiz Aitmatov’s World. “Big Little Man” as a Literary Type
- Medvedev V.N. On the Issue of Constitutional and Legal Framework and Problems of the Executive Power Transformation in the Russian Federation
POLITICAL PROBLEMS OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND GLOBALIZATION
- Luzan A.A., Luzan S.A. Politics and Language
- Medvedeva N.N. On the Issue of the Foreign Policy Image of the State
- MD Sazedul Islam Political Violence and Terrorism in Bangladesh
STUDENT SCIENCE
- Zavodova K.A. The Image of the Twentieth Century Through the Eyes of a New Generation
REVIEWS
Medvedev N.P., Beresnev R.A. New Generation about the Twentieth Century. Do we Bring our Truth to this World? // Review of the Article "Image of the Twentieth Century Through the Eyes of the New Generation" by K.A. Zavodova
POLITICAL INSTITUTES, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES
Zh.M. ABDILDIN DSc in Philosophy, Member of the National Academy of Sciences of Kazakhstan, Professor at the L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana, Republic of Kazakhstan
R.Zh. ABDILDINA DSc in Philosophy, Member of the National Academy of Sciences of Kazakhstan, Head of the Department of Social and Humanitarian Sciences of the Kazakhstan Branch of the Lomonosov Moscow State University, Astana, Republic of Kazakhstan
CHINGIZ AITMATOV AND THE COLLAPSE OF THE SOVIET SYSTEM
Chingiz Aitmatov never asserted that the Soviet Union and the Communist Party would disappear from the map of the world nor that the Soviet governance system would cease to exist. But in his works the writer showed that the Soviet system was infected with a terrible, life-threatening disease. Aitmatov warned in his writings that if the Soviet system did not realize its illness and strive to get better, it would lead to the collapse of the Soviet state. Through his works, the writer showed that, along with honest people making up the healthy foundation of society, the number of immoral, indifferent, heartless people was steadily growing in the country. Far from being a remnant of the past, those people were the product of the Soviet system itself. At the same time, those disinterested, dishonest people began to infiltrate key government bodies, occupying prominent state and party positions, from where they proclaimed old party slogans and never tried to solve real issues of concern to the Soviet people. Having diagnosed the Soviet society, the writer expected that the system would find the strength to change its ideological, political and economic bases, supporting healthy elements of society, and thus perhaps survive. But as the system deliberately turned a blind eye to the negative developments, refusing to notice the signs of the deadly disease, this led to its collapse in the early 1990s.
Key words: man, society, spiritual values, the Soviet system, culture, morality.
E.I. ZEIFERT Dr. Sc. (Philology), Professor The Russian State Humanitarian University, the Institute of Philology and History, Department of Theoretical and Historical Poetics, The Institute of Ethnic-Cultural Education, Department of German Language and Literature Moscow, Russia
STEREOSCOPIC PICTURE OF CHINGIZ AITMATOV’S WORLD. “BIG LITTLE MAN” AS A LITERARY TYPE
The author of the article examines ChingizAitmatov’s novel “The Day Lasts More than a Hundred Years” (later published under the title translated as “Snowstorm Junction”) as an example of the author’s three-dimensional artistic vision which, on the one hand, is characteristic of him as a classical novelist (of national and world scale), and on the other hand, as a bilingual and bicultural author. Quote noteworthy is the way one language serves the in-depth needs of the other, (first) native language. In this novel the exchange of messages between genre models (philosophical novel, fantasy novel, dystopia, utopia) proceeds alongside the exchange of language messages. It draws a clear borderline between utopia and dystopia – Edigey’s expectations and his deceived hopes. The main text of the novel exchanges messages with the foreword (although Aitmatov himself declares that "he is not an enthusiast of all sorts of literary forewords and afterwords"). Aitmatov’s works, distinguished by an unmistakable ethnic flavor and mentality, are a precious contribution to world literature and its diversity of ethnic models and cultures. Aitmatov portrays a new type of "Big Little Man", a reincarnation of the stationmaster in the Soviet-era “period of stagnation” (reference to Alexander Pushkin’s “Station Master”). He places “a man possessing hardworking soul” into the very center of the Universe. According to G. Gachev’s interpretation, in Aitmatov’s “Snowstorm Junction” Cosmos appears in the guise of the endless steppe - the great Saryozeks; Psyche is clearly seen in the greatness of the soul of the man of the steppe; and Logos is symbolized by the ability to gauge oneself and the steppe and to live in harmony with it and respect for it.
Key words: Chingiz Aitmatov, classics, ethnic picture of the world, bilingualism, type of "the Big Little Man", national literature, world literature, simplification, life/death.
V.N. MEDVEDEV Candidate of Sciences (law), Assistant Professor at the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Service, Head of the Department at the Moscow State Construction Supervision Committee, Moscow, Russia
ON THE ISSUE OF CONSTITUTIONAL AND LEGAL FRAMEWORK AND PROBLEMS OF THE EXECUTIVE POWER TRANSFORMATION IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
The article, devoted to the 25th anniversary of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, analyzes the constitutional and legal basis and mechanisms of interaction between the federal and sub-federal bodies of state power and the problems of strengthening by the President of Russia of the control over the observance by the state authorities of the Russian Federation constituent entities of the norms of the Constitution of the Russian Federation in the process of adoption of regional laws and other normative legal acts. The author calls all such changes legal transformations of the modern model of interaction between the federal and sub-federal bodies of executive power.
Кey words: Constitution of the Russian Federation, system of state power bodies, the President of Russia, the federal government, state authorities of the Russian Federation constituent entities, modern model of interaction, regional laws.
POLITICAL PROBLEMS OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND GLOBALIZATION
A.A. LUZAN D.Sc. (philosophy), Professor, Academician of the Ukrainian Academy of Political Science, Head. Department of Philosophy and Social and Political Sciences, Donbass State Engineering Academy, Slavyansk, Ukraine
S.A. LUZAN PhD in Sociology, Moscow, Russia
POLITICS AND LANGUAGE
The article says that the language of political science should be understandable both to the electorate and to its fellow political scientists, where the foreign policy of the state is directed. The foreign policy of the Ukrainian state is aimed at rapprochement with the EU and the USA. The language of political science should reflect this in terms understood by the political scientists of the EU and the USA and its electorate.
More difficult is with Russia. The Ukrainian authorities managed to convince the political elites of the EU and the USA that it was the Russian Federation that was to blame for the civil war in Donbas. The geopolitical position of Ukraine contributes to the fact that the political elites of the EU and the USA, especially the latter, for this reason agree with the Ukrainian authorities.
Russia's foreign policy, in this situation, is directed to Asia. But China, which the Russian Federation is striving to take as its allies, is itself striving to become a superpower. But the cultural factor hampers this desire of the Chinese authorities. Political science originated in the West, and China itself looks to the West in this regard. In this case, the political elite of Russia should focus on its electorate and political analysts of Russia.
Key words: unipolar world, multipolar world, language of politics, language of political science, civil war in Ukraine, hybrid war, superpower, factors that make the state a superpower, inability of China to become a superpower, language of political science of the Russian Federation.
N.N. MEDVEDEVA Candidate of Sciences (political sciences), scientific editor at the Science today publishing house, Moscow, Russia
ON THE ISSUE OF THE FOREIGN POLICY IMAGE OF THE STATE
The article reveals main provisions and problems of promoting the foreign policy image of the modern state. Special emphasis is put on the problems of the image of Russia in the conditions of Western sanctions against the Russian Federation.
Key words: foreign policy image of the state, economic sanctions, the image of the Russian Federation, image promoting technology.
MD SAZEDUL ISLAM Department of comparative politics People’s Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
POLITICAL VIOLENCE AND TERRORISM IN BANGLADESH
Political parties contribute to ensure justice and rights of all the citizens by the participation in the election and the formation of government and mobilize democratic process. From the political history of Bangladesh we notice that the winning party always enjoys the monopoly of power, which creates the situation of confrontation by the opposition parties. Consequently, a dominant aspect of the party system in Bangladesh is its culture of violence. It has become common place for political parties to engage in street violence. Because of the opposition parties having a little scope to operate the formal system .Striking or hartal has become one of the most popular medium to raise voice against the ruling party or government. Particularly before and after election mostly terrible incidents of the political violence are occurred. This chaotic political environment provides more space to the religious extremists to do terrorist activities in the country. By using the historical method the author analyses the role of political violence to increase terrorist activities in Bangladesh.
Key words: Violence, terrorism, Hartals, BNP, AL.
STUDENT SCIENCE
K.A. ZAVODOVA bachelor of Economics, RUDN faculty, Moscow, Russia
THE IMAGE OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY THROUGH THE EYES OF A NEW GENERATION
In today's world, we are in the information space every day, every minute, every second. And under information pressure. There are huge amounts of necessary or unnecessary information around us. Including information stuff. Therefore, even if the lectures and seminars on the history you were asleep and never opened the textbook, the image of the surrounding centuries formed quite clearly. You may not know when he was born and died, for example, Lenin, but at the same time fully (or slightly fully) understand his role and place in history. The way modern youth sees, feels, perceives and understands the 20th century, in the near future will definitely make itself felt. Therefore, my essay is a narrative about the image of the 20th century, which has developed in the eyes of the new generation. The image, whose boundaries extend, say, from skepticism to neoauthoritarian. This is my story, which is based on the analysis of facts, events, moods and impressions. It is a free reflection as a way of cognition and understanding of modern realities over information on the most various, but at the same time and the most certain, aspects of Russian and world history, gleaned from printed and electronic sources.This is an attempt to comprehend the events of the 20th century and the ideas about it that I received in communication, in polemics, disputes with my friends, students of different universities, at meetings of the modern youth generation at a variety of discussion platforms and forums. I belong to this generation of young people. And in me there is a small part of the fronded attitude to the history of the twentieth century, which, I believe, is the General content of imaginative thinking and understanding of realities.
Key words: image, USSR, revolution, socialism, culture, relations between the generations, the current generation.
REVIEWS
NEW GENERATION ABOUT THE TWENTIETH CENTURY. DO WE BRING OUR TRUTH TO THIS WORLD? // REVIEW OF THE ARTICLE "IMAGE OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY THROUGH THE EYES OF THE NEW GENERATION" BY K.A. ZAVODOVA
Reviewers:
N.P. Medvedev Doctor of Sciences (political sciences), Professor, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
R.A. Beresnev Bachelor at the Department of humanities and social sciences, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
The review provides a critical analysis of the article by the young researcher K.A. Zavodova, studying for the Bachelor’s Degree at the Economic Department of the RUDN University. The article is devoted to the perception of the history of the twentieth century by the modern new generation of young people and to the images of that era, events, facts and people formed or emerging in their minds. The reviewers pay attention to the methodological tools and specific conditions for the preparation of this study. The material presented in the article and the method of its description and analysis (a series of questions and answers to them, critical analysis of the students’ mentality strata, immersed in a certain context of the history of the twentieth century) are very curious and heuristic. In terms of the used methodology, the understanding of both new and already clearly emerging trends accompanying mass and group consciousness and understanding of the past are quite justified. It is also justified because it creates the space of images through the prism of just emerging and fragile experience and spontaneous reactions to the historical subjects on the part of the Russian society, which is just entering into an active life and operation. At the heart of the work, in the autjors’ opinion, is the methodology of metacognition, competing with the methodology of modernism and postmodernism; such methodology is not based on the negation and rejection of the past, characteristic of modernism and postmodernism, but on its adoption with all elements and manifestations using a new language of communication and through the language of images and associations. Reviewers positively evaluate such study-essay, because, according to them, it demonstrates a nontrivial approach to the assessment of youth and student thinking. Another positive feature is that the images of history can easily be used for conclusions about the features and specific manifestations of not only views regarding the history of the specific social strata of modern Russia, but also about specific features of the culture of historical thinking and comprehension of the historical past peculiar to the representatives of the Russian society. Emphasizing the subjectivity of the new generation that demonstrates new forms and ways of cognition and understanding of the history in the images of the twentieth century, the author of the article, probably, not knowingly, singled out one very important feature. She stressed that a trend of the Russian national specificity is that under the new influences in the public and civil life, the scientific and ordinary consciousness and thinking and the culture of historical knowledge of the new generation are transformed and modified under the influence of images of the new era and in relation to a new generation of citizens, to the degree that has not yet destroyed the stable forms of the national creative thinking. Perhaps, in this direction it is necessary to look for the stability and strength of the future of Russian civilization and Russian community, with the new generation already becoming the bearer of such ideals in the forms immanent for that generation with its images and styles of thinking and knowledge.
Key words: images of the twentieth century, new generation.