№ 2 (42), 2022
Academic journal “Eurasian Union: Issues of International Relations”. Volume 11, Issue 2 (42), 2022
CONTENTS
POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES
- Simtikov Zh.K. Modern Approaches to Studying the Phenomenon of Corruption in the Republic of Kazakhstan
- Menshikov P.V. On the Importance of Rethinking Approaches to the Assessment of the Media Space of Modern World Politics
- Dobrynina M.V., Nikolaev M.A. Support of Youth Technological Entrepreneurship as the Creation of a Macro Environment for Startups
- Maystat M.A., Chan Thi Ziem Cham. The Main Factors of Anti-Corruption Policy in Vietnam
- Malakhov A.A. The Birth of Capitalism and the Formation of the Doctrine of the Welfare State
THEORY AND HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY
- Wang Juntao, Wang Mingjun. Analysis of the Military Alliance of the United States, Great Britain and Australia – AUKUS
- Lyubina D.E. The Concept of Greater Eurasia in the Context of Globalization: Geopolitical Dimension
- Volkov A.V. Image Influence of the Russian Figure Skater Anna Shcherbakova on Strengthening the Image of Russia in China
- Popov A.V. The Role of the Republic of Turkey in Ensuring the Energy Security of the European Union
- Yue Ruishuang. The Essence of China-American Competition and Management Methods
STUDENT SCIENCE
- Babayan G.V. The Main Activities of International Organizations in the Fight Against Crime
POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.42.2.001
ZH.K. SIMTIKOV Doctor of Political Sciences, Professor of KazNPU named after Abai, Almaty, Kazakhstan
MODERN APPROACHES TO STUDYING THE PHENOMENON OF CORRUPTION IN THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN
The article is devoted to the study of the phenomenon of corruption in the Republic of Kazakhstan and substantiation of theoretical and practical conclusions, proposals for improving the activities of public authorities to combat corruption. The State anti-corruption policy should include a system of interrelated, complementary measures united by one goal, in the achievement of which state, public, political, professional, creative and other bodies and organizations participate.
Key words: corruption, anti-corruption, national security, state policy, anti-corruption legislation.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.42.2.002
P.V. MENSHIKOV Ph.D. in History, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Media Policy and Public Relations of the Faculty of International Journalism, Moscow State Institute of International Relations (MGIMO University), Moscow, Russia
ON THE IMPORTANCE OF RETHINKING APPROACHES TO THE ASSESSMENT OF THE MEDIA SPACE OF MODERN WORLD POLITICS
The current conditions of the so-called “new reality” necessitate a serious rethinking of classical ideas about the ways, methods and consequences of the formation of a global information society, and the principles of media activity in the field of global politics. The events of the second decade of the 20th century, diverse in their nature (politics and economics of sanctions and strategic containment of Russia by the West, the coronavirus pandemic, regional conflicts, cyberterrorism, etc.) have become a point of no return to a significant part of traditional conceptual views, generally recognized in the world professional community regarding media policy in a single communication space of the emerging global information society.
Key words: world politics, media space, information society, digitalization, media actor.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.42.2.003
M.V. DOBRYNINA Candidate of Political Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Economics, Management and Finance, National Research University MIET, Moscow, Russia
M.A. NIKOLAEV Student, National Research University MIET, Moscow, Russia
SUPPORT OF YOUTH TECHNOLOGICAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP AS THE CREATION OF A MACRO ENVIRONMENT FOR STARTUPS
The article examines the essence of youth entrepreneurship as a multidimensional phenomenon. The social significance of youth entrepreneurship is analyzed. The importance of youth entrepreneurship is noted both for the integration of young people into the labor market, and for the development of social infrastructure and innovative economy. It is emphasized that the decision of a young person to implement his business project can be both stimulated and leveled by the influence of factors of the microenvironment (family, environment) and macroenvironment (entrepreneurial culture of the region, the country, the environment created in an educational institution). The three main areas of support for youth entrepreneurship are directly focused on creating a favorable macro environment for youth business and on removing obstacles that young people perceive as barriers to starting their own business. The importance of integrating entrepreneurship support programs into the education system is emphasized (using the example of NIU MIET and the projects implemented in it).
Key words: entrepreneurship, youth technological entrepreneurship, unemployment, labor market, ecosystem, politics.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.42.2.004
M.A. MAYSTAT Ph.D. (Candidate of Political Sciences), Associate Professor at the Department of Political Science of Institute of History and Policy of Moscow State Pedagogical University, Moscow, Russia
CHAN THI ZIEM CHAM master's degree at the Department of Political Science of Institute of history and policy of Moscow State Pedagogical University Hanoi, Vietnam
THE MAIN FACTORS OF ANTI-CORRUPTION POLICY IN VIETNAM
The article is devoted to the identification and analysis of a number of factors that influence the anti-corruption policy pursued in Vietnam over the past 10 years, reducing its effectiveness. The authors also offer some recommendations on overcoming existing obstacles and difficulties to improve the effectiveness of the implementation of anti-corruption policy in the near future.
Key words: corruption, anti-corruption policy, Vietnam, efficiency, monitoring and control systems, efficiency reduction factors.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.42.2.005
A.A. MALAKHOV Head of the Legal Department Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Federal Potato Research Center named after A.G. Lorkh", Moscow, Russia
THE BIRTH OF CAPITALISM AND THE FORMATION OF THE DOCTRINE OF THE WELFARE STATE
The necessity of analyzing general trends, imperatives and priorities of the development of welfare states is noted. It is noted that the growing interest of the state in social governance was a "liberal breakthrough" that occurred in developed countries in the wake of the development of capitalism. It is hypothesized that one of the most important events in real politics, after which states considered themselves obliged to provide minimal social protection for citizens, was the adoption of the New Poor Law in England in 1834. It is shown that in the XIX century, a "minimal" welfare state took shape, which carried out, albeit insignificant, but still interventions in the economy to ensure minimal protection for the poor.
Key words: social policy, welfare state, social contract, natural (pre-political) state, social protection.
THEORY AND HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.42.2.006
WANG JUNTAO Political Candidate Sci., Associate Professor Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
WANG MINGJUN Student of the Graduate School of International Relations of the Humanities Institute. Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
ANALYSIS OF THE MILITARY ALLIANCE OF THE UNITED STATES, GREAT BRITAIN AND AUSTRALIA – AUKUS
This article is dedicated to the alliance of the United States, Great Britain and Australia in the field of security (AUKUS). The article examines the main content of AUKUS, the background to the creation of the alliance, the influence of the alliance on China's national security. The author believes that the emergence of AUKUS was facilitated by the shift of the global geopolitical and economic center of gravity to the east and the formation of the "Indo-Pacific" region as the main battlefield in the game of great powers. The appearance of the alliance caused a contradictory reaction in the world. According to the author, the AUKUS alliance arose in the context of the coincidence of the needs and interests of the three countries. The purpose of the study is to analyze the goals, content and prerequisites for the creation of the AUKUS military alliance, as well as to analyze the consequences and impact of the alliance on the security of countries on the example of China. Empirical research methods, search and analysis of information from mass media, analysis and comparison of data, comparison and generalization were used in the work.
Results. The history of the development of the Asia-Pacific region shows that peace in the region is not easy to achieve, and all relevant parties should cherish it. A peaceful regional environment and mutual cooperation can contribute to the development of the Asia-Pacific region. Therefore, the unification of small circles, such as AUKUS, will only cause strategic alarm to the countries of the region, which contradicts the historical trend of regional peace and cooperation.
Conclusions. Summing up, we can conclude that the creation of the AUKUS security alliance reflects the consistent thinking of Americans during the Cold War and is a typical return of group struggle and confrontation camps. The AUKUS Security Alliance is a small circle organized by the United States in a number of comprehensive contexts, such as increased competition between great powers, the hardening of the geopolitical game, the defeat of Afghanistan, as well as the long-term out-of-control of the internal epidemic of the new crown. She leads in the spirit of "American independence", waging a group struggle and opposing camps, which is a revival of typical Cold War thinking.
Key words: AUKUS, trilateral partnership, security and defense, regional peace and stability, Asia-Pacific region, USA, Australia, United Kingdom.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.42.2.007
D.E. LYUBINA Senior lecturer, Department of International Relations, Institute of Humanities, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University (SPbPU), St. Petersburg, Russia
THE CONCEPT OF GREATER EURASIA IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBALIZATION: GEOPOLITICAL DIMENSION
In this paper, it is planned to consider the relevance of classical geopolitical theories in modern world politics. At its core, geopolitics is devoted to the relationship between politics and territory. Geopolitics means the study of geographical factors and their influence on the balance of forces in international politics. Although this is a complex term used to describe in international politics, in simple terminology the whole world consists of several large landmasses: North America and Eurasia, South America, Africa and Australia. The issues of "geopolitics" include the process of analysis, description, forecasting and use of political power in a given territory.
The work aims to analyze approaches to defining the concept of Greater Eurasia and identifying the geographical dimension of this concept.
During the research, the method of analyzing classical theories of geopolitics was used, as well as the comparison and generalization of modern approaches to the definition of the concept of Greater Eurasia were used in the work.
There is a fairly wide range of opinions about the geographical component of the concept of Greater Eurasia. At the same time, in our opinion, it is necessary to distinguish between the concepts of the Greater Eurasia concept and the Greater Eurasian Space project, which are often identical and interchangeable in publications.
In the geopolitical discourse, the concept of Greater Eurasia is currently more declarative. Changes in Russia's foreign policy and the vectors of its economic cooperation allow us to say at the moment that this concept is in demand in Russia's foreign policy, but requires further careful study.
Key words: geopolitics, Greater Eurasia, Greater eurasian partnership, geography, foreign policy, integration, globalization.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.42.2.008
A.V. VOLKOV Post-graduate student, Faculty of Global Studies, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
IMAGE INFLUENCE OF THE RUSSIAN FIGURE SKATER ANNA SHCHERBAKOVA ON STRENGTHENING THE IMAGE OF RUSSIA IN CHINA
The article is devoted to the study of the role of Olympic athletes and the impact of their sporting success on international life. On the example of the popularization of the image of the Russian figure skating champion Anna Shcherbakova in China, the features of positioning and highlighting the sports success of the Olympians as one of the goals of involving spectators and fans not only in the Olympic movement, but also intercultural exchanges between countries are considered. Using the example of a Russian figure skating star, the article demonstrates that modern sports mega-events are considered as a means by which the images of Olympic athletes successfully promote the vectors of "soft power", strengthen diplomatic aspirations, cross-cultural interweaving of societies, and feed national unity. The emphasis is placed on the fact that in China Russia is considered the birthplace of world champions, each of which at one time personified not only a specific sports discipline, but also the entire Russian sport, representing, in fact, a whole state on the world stage. Using the example of popular support for the Russian champion in figure skating A. Shcherbakova, in particular, following the results of the Olympic Games-2022 in Beijing, an analysis was made of what role the personalities of athletes are called upon to play to strengthen friendship between peoples and subsequent diplomatic contacts at the government level in a difficult geopolitical environment. environment and Western pressure. It is stated that figure skating is a fundamental element of the sports and international image of the Russian state.
Key words: achievements, medals, sports, IOC, Russia, China, Olympic athletes, unity, Anna Shcherbakova, popular support, fans, image, brand, soft power, diplomacy.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.42.2.009
A.V. POPOV Graduate Student in Political Science at Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Moscow, Russia
THE ROLE OF THE REPUBLIC OF TURKEY IN ENSURING THE ENERGY SECURITY OF THE EUROPEAN UNION
The article discusses the role of the Republic of Turkey in ensuring the energy security of the European Union. Turkey at this historical stage is an independent and active subject of international relations, successfully pursuing a foreign policy using a variety of tools to promote its own ideas and values. As a result of the study, the author comes to the conclusion that Turkey has been able to build a vibrant and active gas trading center, and for the moment it should focus on four main factors as the basic structure of the center: depth, breadth, immediacy and sustainability, and to improve energy security EU and Turkey's energy sector management in the context of better integration into the EU Energy Union, certain actions need to be planned: to develop an energy security policy based on close cooperation with key non-EU energy partners; diversify natural gas supplies through pipeline trading and the development of liquefied natural gas production facilities on the Mediterranean coast to tap into global markets and support the development of a virtual natural gas hub. The author also highlights that Turkey needs to improve the energy sector management system by increasing the transparency of regulation and management of state-owned companies, as well as develop a regulatory framework that will take into account the approach of EU legislation. In addition, Turkey needs to regulate political relations with the Russian Federation, abandoning the policy of sanctions, which itself in itself, it is also a lever of political pressure and does not contribute to the development of dialogue, but only intensifies the political confrontation of both sides.
Key words: energy security, energy efficiency, Turkey, energy union, energy goals.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.42.2.010
YUE RUISHUANG PhD student, International Relations and World Politics Department, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
THE ESSENCE OF CHINA-AMERICAN COMPETITION AND MANAGEMENT METHODS
Competition is not only one of the main ways of interaction between countries, but also the main form of relations between countries, and strategic competition is an advanced form of competitive relations between countries. The Sino-US strategic relationship of competition originated during the Bush administration, developed during the Obama presidency, and became prominent after the Trump administration. The purpose of the study is to develop the essence of Chinese-American competition and management methods. The set goal involves solving problems that analyze the main concepts of the foreign policy of China and the United States using the theory of realism, determine the grounds and limits of their application, propose to interpret the conflict as a normalized feature of Chinа-American relations, and develop diplomatic relations. The methodological basis of the study is the dialectical method of cognition. In general, conflicts that pose potential problems for China-American strategic stability include the following: realistic fatalism, the development of Chinese military power, the US policy of "rebalancing" in Asia.
Key words: China-American relations, strategic competition, conflict resolution, sustainable development, effective management.
STUDENT SCIENCE
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.42.2.011
G.V. BABAYAN Graduate student of the Northwestern Institute management – a branch of the Russian Academy of People's economy and public service under the President Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, Russia
THE MAIN ACTIVITIES OF INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST CRIME
Currently, the problem of international cooperation in the field of combating crime is becoming particularly relevant. This is due to the fact that crime is increasingly becoming inherent in interstate nature, in other words, globalization has been realized to the greatest extent in the criminal sphere of the life of states. The purpose of this study is to identify the main activities of international organizations, as well as to identify current problems of Russian legislation in the field of international cooperation in the fight against crime. Within the framework of this study, methods of analysis and comparison were used, which were used when considering normative legal acts, as well as scientific and educational sources; a special method of logical interpretation of the norms of Russian legislation; the principle of sufficient reason, the application of which is associated with the formulation of conclusions; the principle of consistency, on which the consistent presentation of the researcher is based consistent presentation of research materials. It is concluded that it is necessary to consolidate international cooperation under the patronage of the Prosecutor General's Office of the Russian Federation.
Key words: criminal responsibility, cooperation of States, international organizations, the fight against crime, the interstate nature of crime, problems of international cooperation, international treaties.