№ 1 (66), 2025

Academic journal “Eurasian Union: Issues of International Relations”. Volume 14, Issue 1 (66), 2025

CONTENTS

POLITICAL ISSUES

Gadzhiev M.M. Youth Policy in the North Caucasus: Status and Prospects
Gadzhieva A.S., Aparin S.V., Grigoryan D.K. The Informational and Psychological Aspect of National Security in the Context of National Security in the Context of an Information and Network Society
Ghercic Iu. Shaping Russia's Image in the Media of Unfriendly Countries and Potential Russian Response Measures
Dvorkovaya M.V., Kurenkova E.A., Grishin V.O. Main Characteristics of Political Discourse
Duplii E.V., Slavova N.A., Gubanova I.G., Shleenko A.V., Novoselsky S.O. Assessment of National Security Challenges in the Context of the Demographic Situation
Ismailova A.S., Shcherbachenko A.K., Grigoryan D.K. Problems of E-Government in Russia
Kanyukaev D.R., Delov N.S., Grigoryan D.K. The Influence of Propaganda on the Consciousness of the Population: the Role of Information and Communication Technologies
Knyazyan S.K. The Problem of Forming a Supra-Ethnic Civic Identity Among Representatives of Non-Indigenous Peoples Using the Example of Armenian Youth in Moscow
Shcherbachenko A.K., Kolbeshkina A.V., Grigoryan D.K. On the Question of Increasing the Efficiency of State Youth Policy on Civic-Patriotic Education of Young People Using the Example of Rostov Region
Kukhtik A.G., Golubeva O.A., Grigoryan D.K. The Influence of Social Media and Information and Communication Technologies on the Outcomes of the Electoral Process
Feldman P.J., Nenin N.M. Actual Problems and Prospects of the Development of Russian Tripartism System
Fenin K.V., Manaseryan A.A. Constitutional Reform of Giorgia Meloni: Experience and Prospects
Komertsov V.V., Kharlamova S.V., Grigoryan D.K. On the Issue of Cybercrimes in the Online Space

ECONOMICAL ISSUES

Zhmykhova D.S., Krivova A.L., Afonin M.V. Energy Co-Operation Between Russia and Europe: Analysing Prospects in the Context of Geopolitical Transformations and New Economic Realities
Ksenofontova K.M., Chernysheva L.A., Pochechun P.I., Kolosova O.A., Novoselsky S.O. Social and Psychological Aspects of International Communication in the Hotel Business
Liu Renjie, Shuvalova N.A. Economic Aspects and Prospects for the Development of the Road Construction Market in China
Popova V.D., Maystat M.A. Rebranding as a Strategic Marketing Tool in the Banking Sector in Today's Global Political Realities

INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

Khoperskaya L.L. Eurasian Security: Concepts and Initiatives
Skuridin A.A., Malyavina A.B., Shevchenko A.V., Grigoryan D.K. Prospects for the Development of the CSTO: Challenges and Opportunities in the Context of Peacekeeping in Post-Soviet Regions
Yatsenko A.S., Maystat M.A. The Impact of Digitalization on the Effectiveness of Public Administration: Global Experience
Dedkovsky A.V. Approaches to Assessing the Effectiveness of Eurasian Integration Processes
Vinogradova K.A. New Realities of Bilateral Relations Between Russia and Turkey Following the Onset of the Ukrainian Conflict
Suraya R.S., Pobedash D.I. The Intersection of Electoral Frameworks and Democratic Consolidation: a Case Study of Indonesia's General Elections
Chugunkina T.I., Rzaeva S.M. Interpretation of Foreign-Language Political Discourse and its Impact on a State's Image (on the Case of the Speech of the President of the United States J. Biden before the Congress on 7 March 2024)
Shatkov A.Yu. US Political Experience in Management of Migration Processes

REVIEWS AND OVERVIEWS

Slizovsky D.E. Empires: the Beginning or the "End of History"? (Review of Contemporary Research and Narratives) Part II
Medvedev N.P. Nationalism and Ethnopolitical Extremism

POLITICAL ISSUES

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2025.66.1.001

M.M. GADZHIEV Doctor of Political Sciences, Chief Researcher of the Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Makhachkala, Russia

YOUTH POLICY IN THE NORTH CAUCASUS: STATUS AND PROSPECTS

The article states that young people as the most active part of the population in the social perspective, inheriting spiritual, moral and social values, shape the development of society and the state. Attention is drawn to the fact that the development of the North Caucasus Federal District is of particular importance due to its geopolitical position and complex ethnic composition of the population. The unfavorable position of young people has a negative impact on the innovative development of society and the state. As a result of the above, when the uncertainty of socio-economic development and crises in various spheres of life grow, the importance of youth policy, which contributes to solving the strategic tasks of regional development, increases. the state officially recognized the need for youth policy. The features of youth policy in the North Caucasus, its involvement in political events as one of the main conditions for the formation of civil society are considered. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that modern youth lives in conditions of a deep and extensive revision of basic values, protracted socio-economic and political reforms. The purpose of the study was to analyze the state youth policy in the North Caucasus and identify the factors hindering its development. The stated goal determines the following tasks of the state: its activities should be aimed at organizing youth policy and establishing contacts with young people. The main research methods are description, generalization, synthesis, logical analysis, deduction, induction, systematization. Some problems of youth policy in the North Caucasus are listed. Particular attention is paid to socio-cultural institutions – as mechanisms for improving youth policy. From the analysis of the listed problems, conclusions are made that the tasks of the government in modern conditions should consist in developing practical solutions for youth policy. The conclusions proposed in the article will contribute to increasing the effectiveness of youth policy in the North Caucasus.

Key words: youth policy, civil society, youth, socio-economic development, economic crisis, North Caucasus Federal District, religious organizations, Government of the Russian Federation, interethnic conflicts.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2025.66.1.002

A.S. GADZHIEVA Undergraduate of the Department of Political Science and Ethnopolitics of the Russian Academy of Sciences and GS under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

S.V. APARIN Lecturer, Department of Information Support for Internal Affairs, Rostov Law Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Rostov-on-Don, Russia

D.K. GRIGORYAN Candidate of Political Sciences, Professor of the Department of Political Science and Ethnopolitics of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the State Duma under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

THE INFORMATIONAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT OF NATIONAL SECURITY IN THE CONTEXT OF NATIONAL SECURITY IN THE CONTEXT OF AN INFORMATION AND NETWORK SOCIETY

The article examines how the importance of the information aspect in ensuring national security has increased. In today's complex information world, the search for innovative ways of interaction between industries is becoming increasingly important. This commitment can help improve the overall quality of life and reduce the potential risks associated with information.

Since future obstacles require identifying and combating these threats, especially in light of external constraints, this article explores the importance and role of information security within the national security framework of a country.

Key words: national security, information security, information warfare, information intervention, information and psychological operations.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2025.66.1.011

IU. GHERCIC Postgraduate Student, Faculty of Social Sciences and Mass Communications, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

SHAPING RUSSIA'S IMAGE IN THE MEDIA OF UNFRIENDLY COUNTRIES AND POTENTIAL RUSSIAN RESPONSE MEASURES

This scientific article presents a content analysis of publications in German media that shape public opinion not only in Germany but also serve as a benchmark for other European news sources, with the aim of constructing the external image of the Russian Federation through the prism of coverage of topics related to Russia and its actions in the geopolitical arena. The period of news coverage for 2014-2024 is examined. The negative dynamics of the change in tone in news coverage about Russia over the above-mentioned period are highlighted. The key components in the formation of Russia's image abroad are identified.

Key words: Russia, image, media, nuclear weapons, aggressor, military actions.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2025.66.1.003

M.V. DVORKOVAYA Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Russian History, Faculty of History, Political Science and Law, Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education «State University of Education», Moscow, Russia

E.A. KURENKOVA Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Russian History, Faculty of History, Political Science and Law, Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education «State University of Education», Moscow, Russia

V.O. GRISHIN Master's Student of the Faculty of History, Political Science and Law, Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education «State University of Education», Moscow, Russia

MAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF POLITICAL DISCOURSE

The study examines approaches to the definition of political discourse. Political discourse is viewed through the prism of linguistic forms of political communication and turns to political linguistics. Categories such as "narrative" and "frame" are considered as separate research areas. The paper examines the directions of functioning of political discourse, analyzes its functions, identifies its essential features in the context of the current political agenda, and defines an effective toolkit of "political messages". In conclusion, the features of the main characteristics of political discourse as one of the technologies of political communication are formulated.

Key words: political discourse, political communication, political technologies, political positioning, narrative, frame.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2025.66.1.004

E.V. DUPLII Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Management, Marketing and Sales Management Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Russian State Social University», Moscow, Russia

N.A. SLAVOVA Candidate of legal sciences, associate professor, associate professor of the department of legal disciplines Branch of the Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education «Russian State Humanitarian University», Domodedovo, Russia

I.G. GUBANOVA Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Management, Marketing and Sales, Management Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Russian State Social University», Moscow, Russia

A.V. SHLEENKO Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Industrial and Civil Engineering, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Southwestern State University», Kursk, Russia

S.O. NOVOSELSKY Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor, Leading Researcher at the Research Center for the Study of the History and Development of World Civilizations ANO VO «University of World Civilizations named after. V.V. Zhirinovsky», Researcher, Research Laboratory, Moscow Institute of Economics, Moscow, Russia

ASSESSMENT OF NATIONAL SECURITY CHALLENGES IN THE CONTEXT OF THE DEMOGRAPHIC SITUATION

Introduction: the paper assesses national security challenges based on the results of diagnostics of strategic demographic indicators both in the country as a whole and in the context of individual focus regions. In the current conjuncture of socio-economic development and geopolitical situation, the problem of improving demographic and migration policy is of increased strategic importance for Russia. The relevance of the noted areas is maximally correlated with the national security of the state, since in the absence of prompt changes in current tracks, catastrophic and, to some extent, even irreversible consequences for the country can be generated. In this regard, at all levels of government, taking into account available competencies, initiatives should be developed that contribute to the optimization of the implemented concept of demographic policy in the domestic socio-economic and public spaces. The purpose of the work is to analyze the main demographic indicators at the federal and selective-regional levels to determine the priority vector of their dynamics. Results of the study: the authors focused on the most pressing problematic issues of the development of the demographic situation in Russia as a whole, and also presented an assessment of peak demographic problems in the city of Moscow, Arkhangelsk Region, Irkutsk Region, Smolensk Region, Khabarovsk Territory, Perm Territory. The summarized and substantiated information will be relevant in light of the development of effective proposals for improving the mechanisms for ensuring the democratic security of the state.

Key words: demographic policy, migration policy, national security, democratic security, Russian Federation.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2025.66.1.005

A.S. ISMAILOVA Undergraduate of the Department of Political Science and Ethnopolitics of the Russian Academy of Sciences and GS under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

A.K. SHCHERBACHENKO Doctor of Law, Professor of the Department of Criminology and Operational Investigative Activities Rostov Law Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Rostov-on-Don, Russia

PROBLEMS OF E-GOVERNMENT IN RUSSIA

The article examines the electronic government, which was created due to the introduction of information technology in state and municipal administration. The tasks that the e-government should perform are also indicated. In addition, the article examines the problems of this program in Russia, which are associated with insufficient digitalization, lack of trust of citizens in e-government.

Key words: electronic government, public administration, information technology, "Public services", online platforms, digital transformation.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2025.66.1.006

D.R. KANYUKAEV Undergraduate of the Department of Political Science and Ethnopolitics of the Russian Academy of Sciences and GS under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

N.S. DELOV Candidate of Law Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Criminology and Operational Investigative Activities FGKOU in the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Rostov-on-Don, Russia

THE INFLUENCE OF PROPAGANDA ON THE CONSCIOUSNESS OF THE POPULATION: THE ROLE OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES

The article examines the history of the emergence of propaganda, the evolution of its methods of influencing the masses. The role of information and communication technologies is defined. Examples and results of the impact of propaganda on the consciousness of the masses using the Internet are given.

Key words: propaganda, information and communication technologies, manipulation tool, mass media, ideology, Internet, social networks.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2025.66.1.007

S.K. KNYAZYAN Postgraduate Student, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

THE PROBLEM OF FORMING A SUPRA-ETHNIC CIVIC IDENTITY AMONG REPRESENTATIVES OF NON-INDIGENOUS PEOPLES USING THE EXAMPLE OF ARMENIAN YOUTH IN MOSCOW

The article examines the features of the formation of supranational civic identity among representatives of small nations using the example of the Armenian youth of Moscow. An attempt was made to analyze and analyze the relationship between the circumstances of the development of ethnic groups and their tendency to acquire a supranational identity in the conditions of living outside the country of their historical origin. The existing geopolitical agenda formed in the South Caucasus. An attempt was made to understand and analyze the relationship between the formation of the national state identity of representatives of the Armenian diaspora in Russia as an instrument of soft power. In particular, the opinion was voiced that structuring the interaction of the state with representatives of small nations is necessary for the systematic and effective implementation of integration processes.

Key words: identity, self-determination, influence, culture, integration.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2025.66.1.008

A.K. SHCHERBACHENKO Doctor of Law, Professor Department of Criminalistics and Operational-Investigative Activities RUI MVD of Russia, Rostov-on-Don, Russia

A.V. KOLBESHKINA Master's student of the Department of Political Science and Ethnopolitics RANEPA under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

D.K. GRIGORYAN Candidate of political sciences, professor of the Department of political science and ethnopolitics of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow, Russia

ON THE QUESTION OF INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF STATE YOUTH POLICY ON CIVIC-PATRIOTIC EDUCATION OF YOUNG PEOPLE USING THE EXAMPLE OF ROSTOV REGION

The article considers current issues of increasing the effectiveness of state youth policy in the field of civil-patriotic education of young people using the example of Rostov Region. It analyzes modern challenges facing government institutions and public organizations working with young people. The main attention is paid to the consideration of youth patriotic organizations, their activities, implementing projects and programs aimed at forming civic identity, patriotism and active civic position in the younger generation.

Key words: state youth policy, civic-patriotic education of youth, Rostov region, efficiency.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2025.66.1.009

A.G. KUKHTIK Undergraduate of the Department of Political Science and Ethnopolitics of the Russian Academy of Sciences and GS under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

O.A. GOLUBEVA Senior Lecturer, Department of Criminal Procedure, Federal State Educational Institution of Higher Education, Russian Law Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, Rostov-on-Don, Russia

D.K. GRIGORYAN Candidate of political sciences, professor of the Department of Political Science and Ethnopolitics of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow, Russia

THE INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL MEDIA AND INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES ON THE OUTCOMES OF THE ELECTORAL PROCESS

The article presents the main types of social media, depending on the presented content and their features, highlights the main functions of social media in the electoral process. Based on the functions, examples of interaction between political leaders and organizations in the media space are studied and analyzed. The power of the created "brand" of a politician in the media is considered as one of the ways to win parliamentary elections.

Key words: elections, social media, political leader, digitalization, discrediting, censorship, public control.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2025.66.1.010

P.J. FELDMAN PhD in Political Science, Professor of the Department of Philosophy and Sociology, Academy of Labor and Social Relations, Moscow, Russia

N.M. NENIN Postgraduate of the Department of Philosophy and Sociology, Academy of Labor and Social Relations, Moscow, Russia

ACTUAL PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF RUSSIAN TRIPARTISM SYSTEM

The article is devoted to the political aspects of neocorporatism and tripartism. Using the method of included observation, the authors investigate the activities of the tripartite commissions for the regulation of social and labor relations. They conclude that these structures function much more efficiently at the federal level than at the regional level. Another challenge for the domestic social partnership system is the non-requirement for business entities to join tripartite agreements between executive authorities, trade unions and employers' associations. Solving the above-mentioned problems requires a demonstration of political will on the part of the federal government. According to the authors of the article, at the moment Russia has all the necessary ideological prerequisites for the implementation of the principles of neocorporatism. It is proposed to give the decisions of the social partnership bodies a comprehensive character and a generally binding status.

Key words: tripartism, neocorporatism, interest groups, social partnership, trade unions, state, civil society.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2025.66.1.012

K.V. FENIN Master's student, MGIMO University, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia, Moscow, Russia

A.A. MANASERYAN Master's student, MGIMO University, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia, Moscow, Russia

CONSTITUTIONAL REFORM OF GIORGIA MELONI: EXPERIENCE AND PROSPECTS

One of the most discussed political and legal initiatives in recent years is a constitutional reform in Italy. The Italian Constitution, adopted in 1947, has been repeatedly amended, but issues related to the balance between the branches of government and the effectiveness of public administration remain relevant. The main goal of the reform is to modernize the political system by introducing direct elections of the Prime Minister. The article analyzes the reasons and prerequisites, key aspects of the proposed reform, as well as its potential consequences for the political system and democratic institutions of the Italian Republic. Special attention is paid to the factors of stability of the government of Girogia Meloni in case of consideration and adoption of constitutional amendments, changes in the legislative process, as well as the electoral system. Moreover, the possible negative consequences and risks associated with constitutional amendments are being considered, including opposition to the opposition, difficulties in reaching a national consensus for the adoption of amendments. Methods used in the work: logical-intuitive approach, systematic approach, historical-descriptive and institutional methods, case study method. The results of the study show that constitutional reform can significantly affect the political stability of Italy, which is being torn apart by parliamentary "leapfrog", increasing the effectiveness of public administration, but the reform may also raise concerns about political stability and give competitors a chance to oust Meloni. The successful implementation of the constitutional project, in turn, will allow Italy to create a unique system of institutions that has no analogues in the world. Time also has a positive effect on the possibility of implementing the reform, as the government of the current Prime Minister has two and a half years to work out the draft before the next election.

Key words: italian prime minister, right-wing populists, constitutional reform, personalization of politics, referendum.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2025.66.1.013

V.V. KOMERTSOV Senior Lecturer Departments of Information support Department of Internal Affairs of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Rostov-on-Don

S.V. KHARLAMOVA Undergraduate of the Department of Political Science and Ethnopolitics of the Russian Academy of Sciences and GS under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

ON THE ISSUE OF CYBERCRIMES IN THE ONLINE SPACE

This article examines the current problems of cybersecurity that occur in the online space, as well as current trends in the development of cybercrime. The analysis covers various types of phishing, theft, hacking, fraud using technology and spreading disinformation and malware. The article highlights ways to combat cyber threats in the context of both legislative regulation and the development of technological solutions.

Key words: cybercrime, legality, security, fraud, digital technologies.

ECONOMICAL ISSUES

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2025.66.1.014

D.S. ZHMYKHOVA Student, Department of Socio-Political Institutions, Processes and Technologies, Russian State Social University, Moscow, Russia

A.L. KRIVOVA Senior Lecturer, Department of Socio-Political Institutions, Processes and Technologies, Russian State Social University, Moscow, Russia

M.V. AFONIN Candidate of Law, Associate Professor, Associate Professor, Department of Socio-Political Institutions, Processes and Technologies, Russian State Social University, Moscow, Russia

ENERGY CO-OPERATION BETWEEN RUSSIA AND EUROPE: ANALYSING PROSPECTS IN THE CONTEXT OF GEOPOLITICAL TRANSFORMATIONS AND NEW ECONOMIC REALITIES

The article analyses the prospects of energy cooperation between Russia and the European Union in the context of geopolitical transformation and sanctions pressure after 2022. The evolution of cooperation, historically based on interdependence, is examined: Russia supplied up to 40% of gas and 25% of oil to the EU, while Europe provided stable demand. The imposition of sanctions and the conflict in Ukraine have dramatically changed the landscape, forcing the parties to seek new strategies. The article stresses that even in the face of confrontation, elements of dialogue persist through alternative channels (e.g., Turkish Stream). The most likely scenario for the next 5-7 years is recognised as a hybrid model, combining competition in some sectors (oil, coal) and forced cooperation in others (gas, hydrogen). The work is based on data from international organisations (Eurostat, REPowerEU), analytical reports and Russian sources, which provides a comprehensive approach to forecasting the future of energy relations.

Key words: energy co-operation, sanctions, LNG, hydrogen energy.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2025.66.1.015

K.M. KSENOFONTOVA Senior Lecturer, Department of Psychology, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Russian State University named after A.N. Kosygina (Technologies. Design. Art)», Moscow, Russia

L.A. CHERNYSHEVA Candidate of Philological Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor, Department of International Relations and Public Administration, Southwestern State University, Kursk, Russia

P.I. POCHECHUN Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Foreign Economic Relations, Customs Affairs and Customs Law, State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education of the Kursk Region «Kursk Academy of State and Municipal Service», Kursk, Russia

O.A. KOLOSOVA Candidate of Psychological Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of Marketing Department State university of management, Moscow, Russia

SOCIAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF INTERNATIONAL COMMUNICATION IN THE HOTEL BUSINESS

Introduction: the article describes the socio-psychological aspects of international communication in the hotel business. Building high-quality and sustainable intercultural communications is the most important factor in achieving success in the hotel business. The need to form cross-cultural connections is most clearly manifested in the tourism and hospitality industry, which is due to the peculiarities of the services provided. The importance of the presence of intercultural communications not only contributes to increasing the profitability of business processes in the hotel industry, but also repeatedly expands the capacity of the positive mass of reputational capital. The essence of the formation of intercultural space in the hotel business is to create comfortable living conditions for representatives of all cultures. The solution to this issue is not limited to eliminating the language barrier, but includes a wide range of tools that must be included in the mechanisms of hotel management. Each culture is characterized by a capacious set of unique features, the fundamental imperatives of which must be taken into account when providing hotel services. This is important not only from the standpoint of quality service, but also from the point of view of minimizing the risks of cross-cultural conflicts, which can be latent at the initial stage, and then lead to significant problems. The purpose of the work is to highlight the features and socio-psychological aspects of the formation of cross-cultural communications in the hotel business. Research results: the work allowed us to expand the theoretical and methodological space of managing intercultural communications in the hotel business, taking into account social and psychological factors.

Key words: intercultural communications, hotel management, cross-cultural space, social psychology.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2025.66.1.016

LIU RENJIE Master RUDN University, Moscow, Russia

N.A. SHUVALOVA Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor, RUDN University, Moscow, Russia

ECONOMIC ASPECTS AND PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ROAD CONSTRUCTION MARKET IN CHINA

This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the economic aspects and prospects for the development of the road construction market in China, with a focus on its impact on the country's economy and the transportation industry. Key factors driving the growth of transportation infrastructure are examined, including high economic growth rates, increased domestic trade volumes, and demand for improved logistics chains. The article analyzes the dynamics of the increase in the total length of China's road network, which reached 5.28 million kilometers by 2021, and the expansion of the high-speed highway network, which reached 160,980 kilometers in 2020, setting a world record. Additionally, data on the growth of road freight volumes is analyzed, with 2024 figures showing 3.81 million tons, reflecting a 3.3% increase compared to the same period last year. It is confirmed that the development of transportation infrastructure is undeniably a key driver of economic growth and enhanced competitiveness for China. The article also discusses issues related to the inefficient use of new infrastructure in sparsely populated regions, which requires a more balanced approach to the planning and implementation of infrastructure projects. The conclusion suggests that despite these challenges, the road construction market in China will continue to accelerate, contributing to further economic growth and improvements in logistics.

Key words: China, road construction, transportation infrastructure, economic growth, freight transportation, high-speed highways, logistics, infrastructure planning, transportation policy, regional disparities.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2025.66.1.017

V.D. POPOVA Bachelor`s student of the Moscow State Pedagogical University, Moscow, Russia

M.A. MAYSTAT Ph.D. (Candidate of Political Sciences), Associate Professor at the Department of Political Science of Institute of History and Policy of Moscow State Pedagogical University, Moscow, Russia

REBRANDING AS A STRATEGIC MARKETING TOOL IN THE BANKING SECTOR IN TODAY'S GLOBAL POLITICAL REALITIES

The evolution of brands in the Russian banking sector was profoundly affected by the economic and political turmoil of 2022. The imposition of international sanctions and growing restrictions on international communications forced Russian banks to rethink their marketing strategies to adapt to an increasingly complex environment. In the face of these challenges, rebranding has become a critical strategic tool for financial institutions seeking to retain their customer base and strengthen their position in the domestic market. This period of transformation has forced banks not only to rethink their brand image, but also to redefine the ideas and values that underpin their identity. This strategic adaptation has been crucial in keeping banks relevant and competitive despite the challenges posed by the new political and economic environment.

Key words: marketing, permission, brand, banking sector.

INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2025.66.1.018

L.L. KHOPERSKAYA Doctor of Political Sciences, Professor Southern Federal University, Institute of Sociology and Regional Studies, Head of the Center for Eurasian Studies, Rostov-on-Don, Russia

EURASIAN SECURITY: CONCEPTS AND INITIATIVES

The article is devoted to a comparative analysis of the concepts and practices of ensuring Eurasian security, implemented by the states of the Collective West and the countries of the World Majority. The fundamental documents on international security issues are considered, on the one hand, NATO and the European Union, on the other, the Russian Federation, the People's Republic of China, the Republic of India, the CSTO and BRICS. Their radical opposition is demonstrated according to such criteria as unipolarity/multipolarity; sovereign equality/confrontation; exclusivity/inclusiveness; divisibility/indivisibility. The crisis of the NATO-centric concept of Euro-Atlantic security has been identified.

Key words: Eurasian security, Euro-Atlantic security, NATO, EU, Collective West, World Majority, Russia, Greater Eurasian Partnership, China, Community of Common Destiny for Mankind, India, Global Development Pact, BRICS, CSTO, Munich Conference.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2025.66.1.020

A.A. SKURIDIN Undergraduate of the Department of Political Science and Ethnopolitics of the Russian Academy of Sciences and GS under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

A.B. MALYAVINA Candidate of Political Sciences, Researcher at the Research and Editorial Publishing Department of the Rostov Law Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Rostov-on-Done, Russia

A.V. SHEVCHENKO Deputy Head of the Department for Combating Tax Crimes of the Economic Security and Anti-Corruption Department of the Main Directorate of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia for the Rostov Region, Rostov-on-Done, Russia

PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE CSTO: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES IN THE CONTEXT OF PEACEKEEPING IN POST-SOVIET REGIONS

The article examines the prospects for the development of the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) in the context of modern challenges and opportunities facing the post-Soviet regions. The authors of the study emphasize that the CSTO is becoming an important tool for maintaining peace and stability in the face of growing confrontation with NATO. The article analyzes the possibility of new countries joining the organization, which can significantly enhance its influence and capabilities in the field of security. In addition, the article examines the current challenges faced by the CSTO, including geopolitical tensions and internal conflicts in the participating countries. The authors consider in detail the role of the CSTO in ensuring collective security, as well as the mechanisms by which the organization can effectively respond to threats. As a result, it is concluded that there is a need for a strategic approach to the development of the CSTO, which should take into account both internal and external factors affecting the security of post-Soviet countries.

Key words: CSTO, security, post-Soviet regions, NATO, collective security, geopolitics, international relations, challenges and opportunities.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2025.66.1.021

A.S. YATSENKO Student at the Department of Public and Municipal Administration, Faculty of Public and Municipal Administration, IGSU RANHiGS, Moscow, Russia

THE IMPACT OF DIGITALIZATION ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION: GLOBAL EXPERIENCE

Digital reform of public administration is a global trend. The author analyzes the features of the impact of digitalization on the organization and effectiveness of public administration on a global scale, highlights the stages and types of public administration, which corresponded to different levels of development of society. The author comes to the conclusion that digital transformation is a continuous process of change, which is accompanied by a change in the methods of interaction between participants in public administration and their addressees. Despite the importance of the expected results, due to the dynamism of digital changes, it is difficult to find a standardized method for quantifying them. The impact of government digitalization on the effectiveness of its work is directly dependent on the stage of digital transformation it is at.

Key words: digitalization, public administration, digital transformation, digital platforms, efficiency, hybrid system.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2025.66.1.022

A.V. DEDKOVSKY Postgraduate student of the Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia, Moscow, Russia

APPROACHES TO ASSESSING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF EURASIAN INTEGRATION PROCESSES

This article is devoted to understanding political approaches to carbon regulation. Achieving the goals of the Paris Agreement (an agreement under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change), some countries are introducing carbon pricing mechanisms to encourage their industries to transition to low-carbon technologies. Common approaches can be formed and introduced at the supranational level. An example of this approach is the European Union.

In this regard, the article examines possible Russian approaches to the application of supranational regulation at the level of the Eurasian Economic Union.

Key words: EAEU, integration, Eurasian integration effectiveness, carbon regulation.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2025.66.1.023

K.A. VINOGRADOVA Postgraduate student of the Department of Political Science of the Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation; project administrator of Rosatom Energy Projects JSC, Moscow, Russia SPIN code 7435-7115 ORCID ID 0009-0003-5614-8215 SPIN code 7435-7115

Scientific supervisor: R.N. Shangaraev Doctor of Political Science, Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Strategic Communications and Public Administration of the Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation; editor-in-chief of the journal "Bulletin of International Scientists", Moscow, Russia

NEW REALITIES OF BILATERAL RELATIONS BETWEEN RUSSIA AND TURKEY FOLLOWING THE ONSET OF THE UKRAINIAN CONFLICT

The article draws attention to the impact of the Ukrainian conflict on changes in international relations between Russia and Turkey. The aim of the study is to analyze Russia-Turkey relations at the current stage and to identify the main reasons underlying the transformation of their bilateral ties. The research employs a methodology of comparing key geopolitical processes and assessing their influence on energy and political cooperation. The study demonstrates that Turkey plays a decisive role in the supply of energy resources to European countries and acts as a mediator in interactions between Russia and Ukraine. It has been established that large-scale energy projects such as the "TurkStream", "Blue Stream" and the Akkuyu Nuclear Power Plant contribute to strengthening international relations between Russia and Turkey, despite a number of non-political disagreements. As a result of the study, a forecast of Russia-Turkey relations has been developed, which can be used to formulate the foreign policy strategies of both countries.

Key words: Russia-Turkey relations, geopolitics, Ukraine conflict, bilateral relations between Russia and Turkey, energy cooperation.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2025.66.1.024

R.S. SURAYA MA (Politics), Post-graduate student, Political Science and Area Studies Institute for Humanities, Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, Russia ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4532-8865

D.I. POBEDASH Candidate of Historical Sciences, associated professor, Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, Russia ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4532-8865

THE INTERSECTION OF ELECTORAL FRAMEWORKS AND DEMOCRATIC CONSOLIDATION: A CASE STUDY OF INDONESIA'S GENERAL ELECTIONS

This study examines the potential effects of concurrent elections on democratic consolidation in Indonesia, highlighting the benefits and challenges of this electoral framework. It begins by analyzing the historical context of Indonesian democracy during the Reform Era, from 1998 to the present, and examines the current political landscape to assess the implications of concurrent elections for Indonesia’s democratic future. The study also considers the Constitutional Court’s decision mandating concurrent elections, implemented in 2019 alongside the General Election.

Employing qualitative research methods, this study draws on primary and secondary sources, including books, journals, and mass media articles, to evaluate the effectiveness of the 2019 concurrent elections and their impact on advancing Indonesia’s democratic consolidation.

The findings indicate that the 2019 concurrent general elections enhanced public political participation and increased the Indonesian Democracy Index (IDI), supported by perspectives from political experts like Effendi Gazali and Yusril Ihza Mahendra, as well as case studies by Indonesian scholars such as Efriza, Apolonaris Gai, and Achmad Edi Subiyanto. However, further research is required to assess the institutionalization of political parties and its influence on democratization and democratic consolidation comprehensively.

Key words: concurrent election, Indonesia, electoral, democracy, legislative, government, presidential election.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2025.66.1.019

T.I. CHUGUNKINA Lecturer, Department of Socio-Political Institutions, Processes and Technologies, Russian State Social University, Moscow, Russia

S.M. RZAEVA Senior Lecturer, Department of English Philology and Translation Studies, State Humanitarian and Technological University, Orekhovo-Zuyevo, Russia

INTERPRETATION OF FOREIGN-LANGUAGE POLITICAL DISCOURSE AND ITS IMPACT ON A STATE'S IMAGE (ON THE CASE OF THE SPEECH OF THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES J. BIDEN BEFORE THE CONGRESS ON 7 MARCH 2024)

This article focuses on the influence of cultural and political contexts on the interpretation of political speeches broadcast to foreign-language audiences. The work is an interdisciplinary study combining methods of political linguistics, sociology, and cultural studies to analyze the processes of perceiving foreign-language political speech. The authors analyze the mechanisms that cause variations in the interpretation of the same political text in different cultural and political environments. The research focuses on how linguistic features, cultural codes, values, historical memory, and the political attitudes of recipients influence the formation of a state's image created by political discourse. The article demonstrates how one and the same text can generate different emotional responses, forming both positive and negative, or neutral images of a country in the international community. The work includes an analysis of specific examples of political speeches subjected to a multi-level analysis, illustrating the theoretical propositions and demonstrating the practical significance of the research for effective international communication and the formation of a foreign policy image.

Key words: political discourse, foreign language audience, political image, international communication, cultural code, interpretation of political discourse.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2025.66.1.025

A.YU. SHATKOV Applicant, department of political science and political management, institute of social sciences, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow, Russia

US POLITICAL EXPERIENCE IN MANAGEMENT OF MIGRATION PROCESSES

The article is devoted to study of the existing political experience of the United States in management of migration processes at the present stage. Author defines the legal features of modern US state migration policy, including not only consideration of the specifics of initiating bills in the field of migration relations, but also identification of political issues in process of discussing legislative initiatives in the US Congress on current migration agenda, followed by a decision by American congressmen in favor of a particular bill. H.R. 5681, S. 3157, H.R. 16, H.R. 4319 are indicated as sources of current US migration legislation. The author presents a legal assessment of some regulatory legal acts regulating migration processes in the United States. Statistical data on the updating of current US migration legislation are provided. Specific legal cases of migration regulation in relation to some Latin American states are considered. Problematic analysis of the political practices of regulating migration relations within the framework of the presidency of D. Trump and J. Biden. Some political practices of managing migration processes in the United States are identified, in particular, with provision of special criteria and parameters for determining categories of foreign citizens at the level of conceptual and program documentation within the framework of political management of migration risks, development of a system of workshops and consultations in order to optimize interinstitutional interaction between the executive and legislative authorities on key issues and problems of migration regulation. Taking into account the American political experience in the field of migration, the author comes to the conclusion that the improvement of state management of migration processes at the present stage of US development depends on the consistency and effectiveness of tools used in such industries as law enforcement, financing, monitoring of social changes, etc.

Key words: migration, migration processes, migration relations, migration legislation, USA, D. Trump, J. Biden, political system, social stability, government regulation.

REVIEWS AND OVERVIEWS

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2025.66.1.026

D.E. SLIZOVSKY Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor RUDN University named after P. Lumumba, Moscow, Russia

EMPIRES: THE BEGINNING OR THE "END OF HISTORY"? (REVIEW OF CONTEMPORARY RESEARCH AND NARRATIVES) PART II

The article is an analytical review of the latest Russian studies of the concept of "empire" and its real forms and types, constructed by the imperial power over a thousand years. Of particular interest is the attempt at a comparative-intersecting analysis, on the one hand, of the theoretical abstractions of the idea and concept of "empire", on the other - the policy of their refraction in the political decisions of the party-Soviet center in 1989-1991 to preserve the Soviet Union and itself, but which turned out to be a failure, a mistake. The ideologists, developers and executors of such a policy turned out to be not at the height of theoretical abilities and practical experience to understand the meaning and value of the imperial essence of the country, state and power. The following conclusions from our analysis may be unexpected, not indisputable, polemical, but therefore valuable: a) The Russian Federation can and should be predominantly an empire, an empire of leadership influence. In theory, this is an abnormal normality or a paradox of essences; b) The historical and political reality of the thousand-year development of Rus-Russia, the heir of which is the Russian Federation, give examples of the birth, rebirth and revival of the imperial essence of the country, state, institutions, culture, power relations between the imperial center and its periphery inside and outside the imperial spatial area. Commitment to, consideration of such a guideline and following it in the policy of relations between the power of the center and the periphery can be considered correct, honest and the most realistic. The question remains open: is imperial Russia ready and able to be a leading empire and a leader, an institution guaranteeing the representation and provision of national interests within the country and have the confidence to become a defender of security abroad?

Key words: empire, Russian empire, empires and nationalism, multinationality, national minorities, Soviet autonomies, USSR, national republics, Russian Federation.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2025.66.1.027

N.P. MEDVEDEV Doctor of Political Science, Professor, Editor-in-Chief of the Publishing House "Science Today", Moscow, Russia

NATIONALISM AND ETHNOPOLITICAL EXTREMISM

In the article, the author examines the problems of ethnopolitical stability, extremism and terrorism. The author draws attention to the fact that in modern conditions, the factor of ethnic territory has acquired special significance in the process of development of the domestic political situation in many regions of the world. This problem has become especially relevant for the new states of the post-Soviet space. The borders created in the Soviet period are now strictly guarded, having become one of the main attributes of ethnic self-identification and an instrument of nation-building, accordingly, the cause of possible interethnic conflict in many regions of the CIS and the entire post-Soviet space.

Key words: nationalism, terrorism, ethnopolitical extremism, Ukrainian Nazism. Russia, post-Soviet states, CIS, territory, power, political stability, conflict, conflict resolution.

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№ 1 (66), 2025