№ 5 (45), 2022

Academic journal “Eurasian Union: Issues of International Relations”. Volume 11, Issue 5 (45), 2022

CONTENTS

CONFERENCES

Syzdykova Zh.S. Passed in ISAA MSU XVII All-Russian Festival of Science Science 0+

Our authors № 5-2022

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.45.5.001

XU HONG Professor of the Institute of Foreign Languages Harbin Polytechnic University, Harbin, China

ZH.S. SYZDYKOVA Doctor of History, Professor, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Institute of Asian and African Studies, Moscow, Russia

THE GREAT SILK ROAD: FROM THE CARAVAN ROUTES TO THE BELT AND ROAD MEGAPROJECT

This article discusses the issues of continuity of the Great Silk Road and its modern concepts and projects, which, first of all, are based on the historical experience of the HSE. It is emphasized that the GSOM has experienced different periods throughout its history and only with the beginning of the Great Geographical Discoveries began to slowly fade away, since sea trade is faster and cheaper compared to land trade. It is noted that the HSE served the interaction of the cultures of the West and the East, new scientific discoveries. The conclusion is made about the study of the historical experience of the HSE, which is a significant experience for the development and implementation of new projects, such as the Belt and Road.

Key words: Belt and Road, the Great Silk Road, civilizations, peoples, cultures.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.45.5.002

М.S. ISSAYEV PhD, senior lecturer, KhojaAkhmetYassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, Turkistan, Kazakhstan

DEVELOPMENT OF THE KARAGANDA COAL INDUSTRY DURING THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR

This paper discusses the development of the coal industry in Karaganda during the Great Patriotic War in the most important aspects. The factors that influenced the development of the coal industry in Kazakhstan were identified. The priorities of the state policy in relation to the development of own coal mining in Karaganda are characterized, an attempt is made to evaluate the effectiveness of the measures taken by the state. The role of the state in stimulating production growth has been studied. The results and consequences of the development of the industry are assessed and innovations in coal mining, the role of the human factor in solving issues of production restructuring are identified. It is shown how the personnel issue was solved. The problems of managing the coal industry in emergency wartime are touched upon. During the Great Patriotic War, the importance of the fuel and energy complex, both for the national economy of the country and for solving military strategic tasks proper, was clearly manifested.

Key words: Karaganda, USSR, coal industry, evacuation, patriotism, human factor, innovation, military industry, personnel, engineers.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.45.5.003

M.R. ZAZULINA Candidate of Science (Philosophy), Senior Research Officer of Institute of Philosophy and Law (Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences), Novosibirsk, Russia

EURASIA AS A SOCIO-CULTURAL SPACE AND FEATURES OF ITS TRANSFORMATION IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBALIZATION

The peculiarities of the transformation of Eurasia as an economic, political and socio-cultural space in the conditions of increasing influence of globalization are considered. Attention is focused on the processes of transformation of Eurasia as a socio-cultural space. The problems of the development of the socio-cultural space of Eurasia are considered in the context of the theoretical problem of the correlation of social and cultural processes.

It is shown that the economic and political spaces of Eurasia characterize the processes of re-integration in the direction of Greater Eurasia. The re-integration of the Eurasian economic space is characterized by multipolarity (Russia is only one of the centers of power, small Eurasia is only one of the parts of a Large one), multi-vector nature and the desire to consolidate successes through institutionalization of efforts (a large number of international initiatives and organizations).

Globalization processes play an ambiguous role for the socio-cultural space of Eurasia, and can be understood as the processes of assimilation of cultural and social patterns of other cultures and civilizations. As a result, the boundaries of numerous social and cultural spaces that make up the socio-cultural space of Eurasia are increasingly blurred due to the fact that various cultures and social environments include elements of various levels: global, local, translocal, transnational, ethnic, civilizational, modern and traditional, etc. And all of them are presented in different volumes. The socio-cultural space acquires not just a multicultural, but a mosaic character. And the same character is acquired by individual cultures (socio-cultural spaces) within it.

Key words: Eurasia, socio-cultural space, economic space, transformation, globalization, civilizational identity.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.45.5.004

D.A. MEDVEDEV Candidate of Sciences in Politics, Associate Professor of the Department of Political Science of MSLU; Associate Professor of the Department of Geopolitics and Sustainable Development of Society of the Gubkin Russian State University of Oil and Gas, Moscow, Russia

D.A. MOTORINA Information and Analytical Support Specialist, of the Moscow City Government University of Management, MSLU Master's student, Moscow, Russia

THE FOREIGN POLICY OF THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA THROUGH THE LENS OF THE PUBLIC OPINION

A distinctive feature of the Republic of Moldova state policy is the duality of geopolitical aspirations. Currently, Moldova's foreign policy is focused on cooperation with European countries and the United States, the integration with the EU and rapprochement with NATO structures, as well as on building a strategic partnership with Russia. There is a risk of the destabilization of the political situation inside the country which is caused not only by a complex geopolitical confrontation and difficulties in relations with external partners, but also by the institutional weakness of the political system, socio-economic problems, and the polarization of political elites. In order to assess the internal public consensus on the foreign policy course and identify socio-political attitudes, it is important to study the public opinion of the population. Thus, the purpose of the study is to analyze the state foreign policy aspirations by the population of the Republic of Moldova. The objectives of the study include identifying the main directions of Moldova's foreign policy development in the post-Soviet period, as well as studying the state of public opinion regarding the political situation in the country and abroad. This article presents some results of a survey on the attitude of the population of the Republic of Moldova towards Russia, the European Union and Romania. The work is based on the data of the sociological study "Barometer of Public Opinion" as well as on the EDB Integration Barometer project (2012-2017).

Key words: foreign policy, public opinion, Moldova’s state policy.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.45.5.005

U.A. SHMONOVA Student, High School of international relations, Institute of Humanities, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Russia

A.V. VOVENDA Associate Professor, PhD in Political Science, High School of international relations, Institute of Humanities, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Russia

ASPECTS OF EU MIGRATION POLICY IN THE CONTEXT OF THE "MIGRATION AND ASYLUM PACT – 2020" (THE GERMAN CHAIRMANSHIP’S EXAMPLE)

This article analyzes the institutional and legal characteristics of the new EU Migration and Asylum Pact of 2020 during the German chairmanship of the European Commission. The main purpose of the document was an attempt to create an effective and stable system for managing the migration policy of the European Union, which has been experiencing particular migration pressure in recent years. The purpose is to study the key proposals of the European Commission proposals to reform the EU migration policy, a set of issues raised during the German chairmanship, and to identify aspects that caused conflicting opinions and disagreement between the EU member states after the adoption of the Pact. Results: The new Migration and Asylum Pact has become a kind of continuation of the migration reform in the European Union that was already started several years ago, based on the accumulated experience of monitoring and evaluating migration policy and the common difficulties of the community countries. However, despite the visible positive results in certain issues, there are still a number of contradictions in this area, which suggests that the migration issue will remain one of the most key topics for EU member states.

Key words: the European Union, the European Commission, pact, migration policy, asylum, refugees.

CONFERENCES

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.45.5.006

ZH.S. SYZDYKOVA Doctor of History, Professor, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Institute of Asian and African Studies, Moscow, Russia

PASSED IN ISAA MSU XVII ALL-RUSSIAN FESTIVAL OF SCIENCE SCIENCE 0+